Product application

• E36® LRD may be used as an anti-icer or as a deicer. It should be applied at ambient temperature - not heated. Suggested application rates follow, but should be used as a starting point, since local conditions will have significant affect on fluid requirements.
• The most efficient use of E36® LRD is as an anti-icer, pre-treating the pavement before precipitation actually starts. A high traction film then exists to prevent adhesion of ice and snow, which can then be mechanically removed. Uniform coverage is important.
• Experience suggests that E36® LRD, as a deicer, is best applied in bands (4”-6” [10-15 cm] centers), thereby reducing dilution from melting, allowing the fluid to penetrate to the surface and break the bonds of ice and snow prior to mechanical removal.
• Loose snow is not a good medium for movement of E36® LRD. Therefore, clearing loose snow prior to application, or using high penetration nozzles will enhance performance.
• E36® LRD penetrates to the surface more readily through hard-packed snow, thin ice, or ice with natural cracks and flaws. Generally, the longer ice remains on the surface, the stronger it bonds, and therefore, the more difficult it is to remove.
• E36® LRD is effective as a prewetting agent.
• ADVISORY - E36® LRD does not separate at low temperatures, as is common with glycol-based mixtures, and therefore, does not require heated storage. Separation in storage has also been reported by airports using substitute potassium acetate deicers.
• Because of E36® LRD’s long lasting effect, over application may result in dry blowing snow sticking to the wetted pavement surface.
• Storage - No special storage required (do not use galvanized materials).

Product Application Rates

The amount of E36® LRD to be applied is determined by both the surface temperature and the quality and quantity of ice. Conditions vary, therefore, these application rates are suggested starting points to be adjusted locally as required.

Prewetting: E36® LRD will speed the effect of solid deicers and abrasives. E36® LRD is applied at the spreader outlet, typically for prewetting rates of 5% to 15% by weight of solid material.

• Apply 130 g/kg of deicer or sand

Anti-icing: E36® LRD is most effective when applied uniformly to pavement surface before freezing precipitation. Prompt mechanical removal of snow and ice is necessary to reduce fluid dilution. Re-application may be necessary if snow and ice begin to bond to the surface.

• Apply 25 g/square meter

Deicing: E36® LRD is an effective deicer when applied in a banded pattern to penetrate to pavement surface and break the bond of ice and snow. The amount of deicer needed varies with temperature and thickness of snow or ice, but should be in the following ranges.

• Apply on thin ice 50 g/square meter
• Apply on 2.5 cm ice 150 g/square meter

Environmental Impact

Tests with E36® LRD show it readily biodegrades at low temperatures and has a low oxygen demand (BOD) when compared to glycol-based deicers. Toxicity tests rate E36® LRD “relatively harmless” to aquatic life, the most favorable classification used by the environmental community. And the fluid contains neither ammonia nor nitrogen. Therefore, E36® LRD is considered much safer for the environment than either glycol or urea.

As suggested by the FAA, the following general summary of environmental and hazard information is provided. Additional detail is available in the MSDS. Complete test report documentation is available upon request from Proviron.

Biodegradability

The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of E36® LRD was determined using EPA Method 410.1

• COD (TOD) = 0.30 gm O2/gm

The biological oxygen demand (BOD) of E36® LRD was determined using the EPA approved dilution method (Hach).

• BOD20 @ 2 deg C = 0.30 gm O2/gm
• BOD20 @ 20 deg C = 0.30 gm O2/gm
• BOD5 @ 20 deg C = 0.14 gm O2/gm